DURABILIS

Design methodology

They consist in improving the environmental performance of the product in relation to one or several stages of its life cycle, avoiding transfer of pollution. They are divided into 2 major categories : "general" methodologies and "specialised" methodologies

- The "general" methodologies

- Project Management approach

1/ A sequential organization.

The Project is split up into several phases. Every phase is carried out by a specialized department (the Marketing department, the Research department, etc..) who passes on its results to the Department in charge of the following phase. It is an organisation that is not favourable to interdisciplinary discussion and where the relevant aspects of ecology are barely treated.

2/ An organization by project. (" Concurrent Engineering ",...).

A group formed with members coming from the various departments of the company leads the project. This team remains unchanged during all of the project. The advantage of this kind of management is to have a multidisciplinary team that is able to identify and to treat all the constraints (marketing, manufacture, environmental, normative,) at any stage of the project.

- "Value Analysis " and" Functional Analysis ".

They enable designer to identify, define and meet all the requirements (marketing, production, regulations, cost, etc.) . For further information refer to the following standards : NF X 50-100, NF X 50-151, NF X 50-152 and NF X 50-153.

- The "specialized" methods.

These methods'goal are to optimize the product according to specific ecological criteria.

- Design for manufacture, Design for Assembly

- Design for Environment means methodologies that optimize the product toward its use or its end of life. It refers to concepts like such as "disassembly ", " recyclability ", " refurbishing ", " reuse " , "eco-efficiency "...

- Methodologies for saving natural resources. It refers to concepts like: " eco-efficiency ", the use of recycled materials....